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Bladder Cancer

Bladder Cancer

Bladder cancer occurs when the cells in the lining of the urinary bladder grow uncontrollably. Ranked as the fourth most common cancer among men and the eleventh among women globally, the incidence of bladder cancer is alarmingly high in the U.S. 

Smoking, chemical exposure at the workplace, and a high level of arsenic in drinking water are some of the modifiable or manageable risk factors of bladder cancer while age, gender and ethnicity are non-modifiable risk factors. Understanding these risk factors can help you watch out for the symptoms of bladder cancer at the early stages. This will further facilitate on-time diagnosis and appropriate treatment/management interventions, which, in turn, will improve your outlook.

The Types of Bladder Cancer

Bladder cancer manifests in various forms, primarily classified based on the cell type involved. Urothelial cells, flat cells in the bladder lining and glandular cells are considered the potent sources of origin for bladder cancer development.

Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC)

Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC)

It is the most prevalent type of bladder cancer, accounting for around 90% of all cases. It originates in the urothelial cells lining the inside of the urinary tract, including the bladder.

Squamous cell carcinoma

Squamous cell carcinoma

This type of blood cancer is less common than TCC, accounting for about 3-5% of the cases. It typically develops in response to chronic irritation and inflammation of the bladder, often due to conditions such as urinary tract infections, bladder stones, or long-term use of catheters.

Adenocarcinoma

Adenocarcinoma

This form of cancer is relatively rare, accounting for only 1-2% of the cases. It originates from the glandular cells within the bladder lining and is often associated with chronic irritation or inflammation.

The Symptoms of Bladder Cancer

Hematuria
Hematuria
Dysuria
Dysuria
Frequent urges to urinate
Frequent urges to urinate
Pelvic pain
Pelvic pain
Back or abdominal pain
Back or abdominal pain

What Causes Bladder Cancer?

Genetic predisposition, and chronic inflammation of the bladder are deemed the most common causes of bladder cancer.

Risk Factors of Bladder Cancer

Risk Factors of Bladder Cancer

  • Tobacco usage
  • Exposure to certain chemicals and radioactive elements
  • Age
  • Gender
  • Race and ethnicity
  • Past or family history of bladder cancers
  • Certain medications

Accurate diagnosis, as elucidated in current medical literature, is foundational for developing tailored treatment strategies. Regular screenings for at-risk populations and prompt medical consultation upon symptom onset are crucial for improving bladder cancer outcomes.

  1. Urinalysis: Examination of urine for blood and abnormal cells provides initial insights, guiding further investigations.
  2. Imaging Studies: Advanced imaging, such as CT scans or MRI, aids in visualizing the bladder and identifying potential tumors. These techniques, as highlighted in the Journal of Urology, assist in staging and treatment planning.
  3. Cystoscopy: Utilizing a thin, flexible tube with a camera, cystoscopy allows direct visualization of the bladder lining. This procedure, described in the Journal of Endourology, is pivotal for confirming the presence of tumors and obtaining biopsy samples.
  4. Biopsy: Tissue samples obtained during cystoscopy undergo microscopic examination, confirming the diagnosis and determining the cancer type.
  5. Urothelial Biomarker Tests: Emerging diagnostic tools, including urinary biomarker tests like UroVysion and NMP22, aim to enhance accuracy and streamline diagnosis.

The management of bladder cancer and treatment strategies vary based on the cancer’s stage.

  1. Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer (NMIBC): At this stage, bladder cancer is often confined to the inner layer of the bladder. Transurethral resection of bladder tumors (TURBT) to remove visible bladder tumors, intravesical therapy, such as immunotherapy with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), are some of the commonly recommended treatments to reduce the risk of bladder cancer recurrence.
  2. Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer (MIBC): With cancer penetrating the bladder muscle, treatment options at this phase must be more aggressive. Radical cystectomy, the removal of the entire bladder, is a standard approach, often accompanied by urinary diversion procedures. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy before surgery or concurrent chemoradiotherapy may be recommended to enhance efficacy.
  3. Metastatic Bladder Cancer: For bladder cancer that has spread beyond the bladder, systemic therapies like chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or targeted therapies are the mainstay. Precision medicine, guided by genetic profiling, is a promising avenue explored in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, offering tailored treatments based on individual tumor characteristics.

Clinical trials continually shape evolving treatment paradigms. Regular follow-ups and support services can further enhance the holistic care of individuals navigating diverse stages of bladder cancer.

Bladder cancer treatment involves a multi-faceted approach. These methodologies, continually refined through ongoing research, underscore the importance of individualized treatment plans. Collaborative discussions with healthcare professionals, staying informed on emerging therapies, and participating in clinical trials contribute to the evolving landscape of bladder cancer treatment. Regular monitoring and post-treatment support enhance the overall well-being of individuals navigating this complex journey.

  1. Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumors (TURBT): For non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer, TURBT is a cornerstone. This minimally invasive procedure involves removing tumors through the urethra using a cystoscope.
  2. Intravesical Therapy: Post-TURBT, patients with non-muscle-invasive cancer may undergo intravesical therapy, as explored in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy is commonly administered directly into the bladder to prevent recurrence.
  3. Radical Cystectomy: In cases of muscle-invasive bladder cancer, radical cystectomy, the removal of the bladder, is often recommended. This major surgery may involve urinary diversion procedures to reroute urine.
  4. Chemotherapy: Both neoadjuvant (before surgery) and adjuvant (after surgery) chemotherapy play crucial roles. Chemotherapy may also be a primary treatment for metastatic bladder cancer, aiming to control the spread of the disease.
  5. Immunotherapy and Targeted Therapy: Recent advancements in bladder cancer treatment involve immunotherapy (e.g., checkpoint inhibitors like pembrolizumab) and targeted therapy, providing more personalized and effective options.

Preventing bladder cancer involves strategic lifestyle choices. Avoiding tobacco is pivotal, given its strong association with bladder cancer. Maintaining proper hydration supports regular urinary function, potentially flushing out carcinogens. Occupational safety measures, particularly for those exposed to chemicals, align with prevention strategies. Regular medical check-ups for early detection, adherence to a balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables, and minimizing exposure to harmful substances collectively contribute to a proactive approach in mitigating the risk of bladder cancer. 

The survival rate of Bladder cancer is at least 5 years after diagnosis.

survial arrow

The 5-year survival rate for bladder cancer varies based on factors like stage and treatment. According to recent medical data, localized cases boast a higher rate, exceeding 77%, while metastatic conditions pose a more challenging prognosis, with a 5-year survival rate around 5-6%. Regular screenings and timely interventions significantly impact outcomes.

How Punarjan Clinic Treats Bladder Cancer?

How Punarjan Clinic Treats Bladder Cancer?

Punarjan Clinic approaches the challenges of bladder cancer with a unique blend of ancient Ayurvedic wisdom and contemporary medical insights, creating a therapeutic symphony tailored to your individual battle. We at Punarjan Clinic weave together a multidimensional approach, addressing not only the physical aspects of the disease but also the emotional toll it takes.

Our mission extends beyond mere symptom relief. We’re dedicated to eradicating cancer deaths, fortifying your body’s natural immunity, and boosting resistance against chronic diseases. Our treatment protocol, a junction of rejuvenation and detoxification, is meticulously designed to harmonize with your unique health journey.

Understanding the emotional impact of bladder cancer, our team at Punarjan Clinic serves as guides and protectors, unraveling mysteries and shedding light on your path. We acknowledge that the journey is not a solitary one, and we enthusiastically anticipate standing by your side throughout, offering Ayurvedic elixirs as a ray of hope bestowed by Mother Nature. As you step into Punarjan Clinic, you embark on a historic journey where the horizon of possibilities rises, and we are committed to reaching every possible victim of cancer, providing unwavering support in the face of this challenging struggle.

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Success Stories

Srinivas

Punarjan Clinic saved my life. When I was told I had eye cancer and needed more tests and chemotherapy, I felt scared. But then I found this hospital.

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Srinivas

Bibi

Punarjan Clinic has been a ray of hope for Bibi, suffering from Colon cancer. She was told that without tumor removal, survival was unlikely, leaving her unable to eat or drink and in immense pain.

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Frequently Asked Questions

  • How is bladder cancer diagnosed?

    Diagnosis often involves procedures like cystoscopy, imaging studies (CT, MRI), and biopsy. Early detection is crucial for effective treatment.

  • What are the early signs of bladder cancer?

    Early symptoms may include blood in the urine (hematuria), frequent urination, and pelvic pain. Consult a healthcare professional if you experience these signs.

  • What are the treatment options for bladder cancer?

    Treatment varies by stage and may include surgery (TURBT, cystectomy), chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy. Consult with specialists to determine the most suitable approach.

  • What is the survival rate for bladder cancer?

    Survival rates depend on factors like stage and treatment. Generally, localized cases have a higher 5-year survival rate than metastatic cases. Regular screenings enhance early detection.

  • Are there lifestyle changes to reduce bladder cancer risk?

    Yes, avoiding tobacco, staying hydrated, and minimizing exposure to certain chemicals can help reduce the risk. Regular check-ups and screenings are also essential.

  • Is there a genetic component to bladder cancer?

    Genetic predisposition can contribute. Individuals with a family history may have an increased risk. Consult with healthcare professionals for personalized risk assessments.

  • What are the side effects of bladder cancer treatments?

    Treatment side effects vary but may include fatigue, nausea, and changes in urinary function. Discuss potential side effects with your healthcare team for proper management.

  • Can bladder cancer recur after treatment?

    Yes, bladder cancer can recur. Regular follow-ups and surveillance are crucial to detect and address any recurrence early. Collaborate with your healthcare team to establish a post-treatment plan.